Neumans Systems Model Primary, Secondary Preventions - 275 Words

Neuman's Systems Model: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Preventions (Essay Sample) Content: Neuman's Systems ModelNameInstitution of AffiliationInstructorDateNeuman's definitionsThe first type of prevention is primary prevention. He describes this prevention as the one that occurs before a system reacts to the stressor. The second type of prevention is the secondary prevention CITATION Neu00 \l 1033 (Neuman, 2000). Neuman describes it as the type of prevention which occurs after the system has reacted to the stressor and replicates symptoms which can be identified through observation. The third type of prevention is the tertiary prevention. It occurs after the system has responded in the secondary prevention level.Novalee primary preventions can be stated as the visit to the doctor, nurse practitioner or midwife. Also counseling on vitamins preparation for labor and delivery and staying health and what to expect when you are expecting. Secondary preventions are such as support by the nurse on food and shelter. Meeting the basic survival needs to prevent her and her baby from suffering. Tertiary prevention includes nursing interventions to her and her baby, provision of balanced food. Teaching on breastfeeding techniques and immunization is offered.Priority topicsThe main first two priority topics for teaching for Novalee are on physiological and survival need. These teachings can be observed beginning of the movie. Priorities for the topics on long term demands are wellness and self-care techniques. These teachings are long term and they can be useful to Novalee and her daughter.Intra, Inter and extrapersonal stressorsIntrapersonal stressors which Novalee face are pregnancy, fear and feeling abandoned by her mother and her boyfriend. Interpersonal stressor which Novalee is facing are such as job, mothering relationship with Forney, Lexi, her sister, husband and daughter. Extrap...

MBA Math Monday Supply and Demand

The MBA Math Mondayseries helps prospective MBA students to self assess their proficiency with the quantitative building blocks of the MBA first year curriculum. The market interaction of supply and demand is one of the classic business concepts that people encounter from school snack swaps toshopping at the mall, from start ups to too-big-too-fail banks, and from subprime real estate to U.S. Treasury bond auctions. The concepts can be used qualitatively and quantitatively. Like much in economics, supply and demand can be introduced equivalently in pictures or with equations. Here, we use equations for a situation involving a perishable agricultural commodity market. Exercise: Assume that the demand curve D(p) given below is the market demand for apples: Q = D(p) = 270 15p, p 0 Let the market supply of apples be given by: Q = S(p) = 42 + 15p, p 0 where p is the price (in dollars) and Q is the quantity. The functions D(p) and S(p) give the number of bushels (in thousands) demanded and supplied. What is the consumer surplus at the equilibrium price and quantity? Solution (with audio commentary): click here Prof. Peter Regan created the self-paced, online MBA Math quantitative skills course and teaches live MBA courses at Dartmouth (Tuck), Duke (Fuqua), and Cornell (Johnson).

Athletic Scholarship For College Athletes - 1646 Words

The NCAA’s purpose is to direct competition in a just, safe and sportsmanlike manner, and to assimilate intercollegiate athletics into higher education so that the experience of the student athlete is the best it could be. It describes a professional team as an organization that provides any player excess amounts of money for involvement on the team.â€Å"Because of this paying student athletes would cross the line between professionalism and amateurism and would demolish the spirit of being a student athlete. Although players are not paid, they are often given athletic scholarships to attend college. In one year alone more than 5,000 athletic scholarships are given in the Division one (Div 1) level for just football. Moreover NCAA is by far the largest collegiate athletic association in the U.S. with well over 1,000 schools in its fold. Divisions I, II, and III serve to establish these athletic programs. Formal athletic scholarships can be extended to athletes that play for Div I and II schools creating many opportunities for athletes to acquire an athletic scholarship. This exemplifies that Top College athletes already do get paid, in the form of amazing scholarships. Furthermore, those with professional ambitions benefit from the critical training and exposure that enhances their draft prospects and bring them to the next level; this shows that colleges dispense roughly $1billion dollars in athletic scholarships each year. Giving student athlete’s payment would be equal toShow MoreRelatedEssay on Athletic Programs of Universities918 Words   |  4 PagesFrequently, colleges are better known for their athletics than academics. Universities thrive off their athletic programs and in return, most reward their athletes through scholarships, apparel, and experiences. However, some believe that these rewards are not sufficient and that college athletes should be paid a salary. College athletes should not be paid a salary because many are receiving scholarships, it would create an unequal playing field, and it would take away the student aspect of beingRead MoreElimate Athletic Scholarships1030 Words   |  5 Pagesfor our college athletes to be true students on campus, not athletes on athletic stipends with sports – not education – as their top priority and obligation†¦ By eliminating the athletic scholarship, †¦ we could de-professionalize college athletes, reestablish athletic departments as part of the educational institution, and be able to use the term student-athlete without snickering.† (Ralph Nader in League of Fans Proposes Eliminating Athletic Scholarships to Help Restore Integrity on College CampusesRead MoreWhy College Athletes Should Be Paid1047 Words   |  5 Pagesso why are college athletes not paid for performing a service with their athletic abilities? Almost anyone who is involved with sports, whether it be watching them or playing them, has an opinion on whether or not coll ege athletes should be paid. My opinion on this controversy is that college athletes should be paid. College sports make billions of dollars, so there is definitely room for athletes to payed in some way. There are three main reasons as to why I believe college athletes should be paidRead MoreIn Recent Years, There Has Been Increased Dialogue Concerning1275 Words   |  6 PagesIn recent years, there has been increased dialogue concerning the topic of compensating college athletes above athletic scholarships. Scholars, the media, and fans have debated this issues of whether intercollegiate athletes should receive remuneration for participation in sports beyond their education-related compensation of tuition, room, and board. Compensation for student athletes, particularly Division I football and basketball poses a greater concern about the moral and ethical conduct of thoseRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Not Be Paid1425 Words   |  6 Pagesbefore in the history of college sports . Several scholarship players voted on whether the team should unionize. These same players believe that they should be compensated for their play on the athletic field. Countless collegiate sports fans also believe that college athletes from around the country should be compensated for playing sports; however, paying college athletes would cause multiple problems in college athletics. Most people do not understand how much student athletes are given to them freeRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Not Be Paid1321 Words   |  6 Pageshas never been done before in the history of college sports. Many scholarship players voted on whether the team should unionize. These same players believe that they should be compensated for their play on the athletic field. Many collegiate sports fans also believe that collegiate athletes from around the country should be compensated for playing sports; however, paying college athletes would cause multiple problems in college athletics. College athletes should not be paid because schools do not haveRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?869 Words   |  4 Pagespaying college athletes. In courtrooms across the United States, a resolution—and a possible revolution—is beginning to gain traction. Some people believe that a scholarship is payment enough, whereas others believe the athletes are being exploited to generate millions of dollars toward the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Although student athletes and universities should agree on a term for scholarships, paying athletes additional money would undermine the value a college educationRead MoreThe Ncaa Mens Basketball Tournament1686 Words   |  7 Pagesrevenue. All television and video game revenue, as well as ticket, jersey, and souvenir sales made from college athletics all go to the NCAA, the conferences, the athletic departments, and the coaches. In fact, one study suggests, â€Å"Men’s basketball and football combine for $6 billi on alone† (Mondello, Piquero, Piquero, Gertz Bratton, 2013). None of that revenue goes directly to the student athlete even though the NCAA surely has enough money to do so if it chooses. USA Today writer Bruce HorovitzRead MoreShould Division I College Football Athletes Be Paid?1341 Words   |  6 Pages2014 Should Division I College Football Athletes Be Paid? Should the NCAA allow college football athletes be shown the money†¦or not? This is a debatable question facing college sports. College football players generate billions in revenue for the NCAA and intercollegiate athletic departments of their respective universities, yet are only compensated by colleges through athletic scholarships that cover tuition, room and board, and books. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), on oneRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1358 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years college sports have been about the love of the game, filled with adrenaline moments. However, the following question still remains: Should college athletes get paid to play sports in college? Seemingly, this debate has been endless, yet the questions have gone unanswered. The National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) plays a vital role in this debate. The NCAA is a billion dollar industry, but yet sees that the athlete should get paid for their h ard work and dedication

Top 20 Influential Modern Feminist Theorists

The Debate Over Gun Control - 939 Words

Gun Control Close your eyes and relax. Imagine that you are in a time of 236 years ago, and imagine that you are one of the few people that had the privilege of writing the country’s constitution. It would not take long until you get to the second amendment. This amendment reads â€Å"A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed† (Davis). This amendment has extreme importance, and should not be taken lightly. However, this amendment is not accepted like it used to be, and it is a big controversy in the United States today. Should the public be allowed to have weapons, or should the government take them away? From an economic standpoint, it does not make much sense to take guns away from people. Companies in the United States that manufacture, distribute and sell firearms, ammunition and hunting equipment employ as many as 128,794 people in the country. The total impact th at the economy sees from this industry annually is approximately $42,956,599,500 (Dunham). With these statistics alone, it proves that taking guns away would hurt the already struggling economy greatly. It just does not make sense economically to take guns away from people because it would prohibit sales of firearms, ammunition, and other gun related items. On the other hand, in the political side of things, it makes perfect sense to outlaw guns because of the danger that comes with them.Show MoreRelatedThe Debate Over Gun Control1210 Words   |  5 Pagesnot be involved in gun control. The second amendment to the United state s constitution says A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. Is this not enough can the bill of rights say this anymore clear. Many might state that the way this statement is worded is the point of debate and it should be interpreted differently. This is the root of all the hot debate over gun control. Does the constitutionRead MoreThe Debate Over The Gun Control892 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the most debated and talked about issues going on today concerns gun control. There are many different aspects being brought up with concern to gun control. One of the biggest this past year especially here in Texas is the issue of allow-ing conceal carry on college campuses. College campuses are usually gun free zones, but with so many shootings happening on campuses some want to be allowed to carry. A lot of people are for infringing upon a person’s constitutional right to life andRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control1522 Words   |  7 PagesThe debate over gun control in America continues to trouble politicians to this day. According to the constitution, the second amendment gives us the right to bear arms (U.S. Const.). Many different interpretations of what precisely the amendment means exist in this country. However, the two main sides include pro gun control and against gun control. In this paper, we will weigh the pros and cons of both sides and with any luck approach a conclusion on what side performs a superior job. People interpretRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control3031 Words   |  13 PagesOne major cause of heated debate in the United States is the contrasting stands on gun control. This one subject has a nation divided on a very serious topic that saves and takes lives. On the one hand, those for gun control argue a case against increasing gun violence in everyday life. Those that are against gun control argue that it is in an individual’s right to own and possess guns. It is a matter of liberty and a right to bear arms and a necessity of self-protection. The problem with bothRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control889 Words   |  4 Pagesschool gangs, physical attacks, and fatalities involved with guns. School shootings have been on the rise over the past several years. To bring awareness to school violence, teachers, staff, and parents need to be further trained in noticing warning signs of depression and anger issues which may lead to bullying and disrespectful learning environments for all parties. In addition to awareness within schools, the debate over gun control has been a topic discussed for many years in hopes to curb schoolRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control1156 Words   |  5 Pagesyou have kept up with all the controversy in the news, then it is surely fair to assume that you have an opinion over gun control. Gun control is a big deal because with so many people having them it can make individuals feel unsafe to leave their home or possibly even be in their homes. There is also the fear that individuals possess on the other end of the spectrum that if their guns are taken, how they will protect themselves from people whom wish to harm them. These questions and concerns riseRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control1732 Words   |  7 Pages The topic of gun control has become very popular in recent years as there is now more controversy than ever about the role that guns play in today’s world. I have come to be interested in this topic because it seems like not a day goes by anymore where there isn’t a newspaper published with an article slandering either the pro or anti gun control activists. Going into this topic, I was assuming that I would end up reading about a lot of school shootings and h ow it is just guns that are causingRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control925 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control is a hot debate topic, where people have been divided into two different viewpoints. The majority of states has supported their colleges to carry guns in case of a mass shootout. While the majority of liberal and democratic oppose carrying guns onto school property. Some states such as Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Oregon, Texas, Utah, Wisconsin, and Mississippi has already passed the law to allowed students to carry concealed weapons on campuses to protect themselves from unwanted mass shootersRead MoreThe Debate Over Stricter Gun Control929 Words   |  4 Pages Gun Control in the United States The debate over stricter gun laws has been ongoing in the United States for quite some time now. Individuals who oppose stricter gun control laws argue that the second amendment to the constitution of the United States constitute part of the bill of rights that protect the right for American citizens to bear arms, and any attempt to set up laws for gun control will be a direct violation on this (Hofstadter 10). They argueRead MoreEssay about The Debate Over Gun Control1274 Words   |  6 Pages These people believe this because of the part of the Second Amendment that states, â€Å"The right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed.† People who are strong advocates against gun control use this part of the Second Amendment to drive their point across. Advocates against gun control believe that preserving the freedom of a state through a militia is not the only way it should be looked at, these people believe that the amendment also implies a clause that ta kes into account ones

Essay on Compare and Contrast in Edgar Allen Poe - 1180 Words

Edgar Allen Poe’s use of the first person narrative in The Tell-tale Heart is much more effective than Nathaniel Hawthorne’s use of the third person in Young Goodman Brown because the use of the first person in Poe’s The Tell-Tale Heart allows the reader to feel the narrator’s panic while the third person narrator in Young Goodman Brown only tells the story and the reader does not feel the main character’s feelings. By telling the story of the Tell Tale Heart in the first person, Poe allows his readers to see the build up of the main characters insanity with the use of language and crazy and rambling dialogue. On the other hand, Hawthorne’s use of the third person simply narrates the story and tells of Brown’s feelings rather than having†¦show more content†¦Later in the story, Young Goodman Brown has a conversation with the devil. The devil tells Brown that he was acquainted with his father and grandfather and that they ha d been involved in evil business. Brown shows no emotion when he receives this information. The reader does not know if Brown is frightened, repulsed or disgusted by the thought of his relatives consorting with the devil. Brown does not even try to deny such a claim which, in early New England, would surely have been heresy. Brown’s only response to the information is to say,† If it be as thou sayest, replied Goodman Brown, I marvel they never spoke of these matters. Or, verily, I marvel not, seeing that the last rumor of the sort would have driven them from New England.† Again, the reader had no clue as to Brown’s true emotions. In order for a reader to care about the story, how it ends, whether or not it is true, a reader has to have an idea of what the main character thinks. The reader needs to know more than the words that are spoken; he needs to know the sentiment behind the words. At the end of the story, the reader does not know if the stor y is true nor does he necessarily care because the use of the third person narrator did not enable the reader to feel a connection with Young Goodman Brown. On the other hand, Edgar Allen Poe writes in the first person narrator and the reader is able to experience all that the main character isShow MoreRelatedEdgar Allen Poe s The Cast Of Amontillado And Dexter1493 Words   |  6 Pagesis to show how they compare to Edgar Allen Poe and his work. But with this said, what keeps the audience coming back for more? To begin the To begin there are a lot of similarities and differences between Edgar Allen Poe’s The Cast of Amontillado and Hop Frog and Today’s television show(s) Arrow and Dexter. If you have ever read or saw these stories/shows you are probably thinking to yourself that how can a hip television series be in the smallest way similar to Edgar Allen Poe and his work. The answerRead MoreThe Ravena and Annabel Lee by Edgar Allan Poe833 Words   |  3 PagesPoetic Comparison and Contrast â€Å"The Raven† and â€Å"Annabel Lee,† by Edgar Allan Poe, are two poems about eternal love and despair. Poe shows the speaker in both poems dealing with the passing of their lover and how they are coping with it. These poems have a different theme from one another; yet have similarities relating to eternal love. In â€Å"The Raven† the speaker is very sad, lonely, and is feeling great sorrow from the loss of his loved one. In â€Å"Annabel Lee† the speaker is not so much sad, butRead MoreCompare and Contrast of the Cask of Amontillado and the Black Cat1556 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and Contrast of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† and â€Å"The Black Cat† Today I’ll be comparing the Narration of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† and â€Å"The Black Cat† by Edgar Allen Poe. Edgar Allen Poe is the author of many great pieces of literature, using his narrators to explain situations that are going on in their life. The narrators of The Cask of Amontillado and The Black Cat both lead characters love for man’s inhumanity to man and animals through horrific murders.   Ã‚  In The Cask of AmontilladoRead MoreRobert Burns and William Shakespeare648 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Oh, my love is like a red, red rose† by Robert Burns, â€Å"My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun† by William Shakespeare, and â€Å"The Raven† by Edgar Allen Poe are similar poems. The biographical information for each author, the conflicts in the poems and the literary devices contribute to the central theme, love. The authors of the poems have diverse backgrounds. Robert Burns, author of â€Å"Oh, my love is like a red, red rose,† was born on January 25, 1759, in Alloway, Ayrshire, Scotland (â€Å"RobertRead MorePoe vs. Hawthorne: Dark But Not Necessarily Gothic Essay1544 Words   |  7 Pagessprung up, the Gothic story. In the United States, the most prominent exponent of Gothic fiction was Edgar Allen Poe, whose â€Å"horror† tales conjure up the dark side that many of us at least half-believe is hidden just beneath the surface of the most conventional lives. In this paper we will discuss the Gothic in light of two of Poe’s stories, â€Å"Ligeia†, and â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher,† and contrast Poe’s story with a somewhat dark tale of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil.† We willRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven And The Black Cat1225 Words   |  5 Pages Although now seen as the father of the modern horror story, Edgar Allan Poe was previously viewed as a drunken failure. Within Poe’s writings much of his own life riddled with guilt, anxiety, alcohol, depression and death shines through resulting in works that appear unrelated yet once dissected prove similar. This is true for Poe’s works â€Å"The Raven† and â€Å"The Black Cat†. Poe’s examples of gothic fiction share the use of the color black and a rapid digression of the narrator s sanity while seeminglyRead MoreThe Fall of the House of Usher: Imagery and Parallelism1652 Words   |  7 PagesParallelism In his short story The Fall of the House of Usher, Edgar Allen Poe presents his reader with an intricately suspenseful plot filled with a foreboding sense of destruction. Poe uses several literary devices, among the most prevalent, however are his morbid imagery and eerie parallelism. Hidden in the malady of the main character are several different themes, which are all slightly connected yet inherently different. Poe begins the story by placing the narrator in front of the decrepitRead MoreAnalysis Of Annabel Lee By Edgar Allan Poe Essay1989 Words   |  8 Pagesone is gone. In â€Å"Annabel Lee† by Edgar Allan Poe the main character has becomes completely lost in anguish and cannot seem to move on, whereas in â€Å"A valediction; Forbidding Mourning† by John Donne the narrator is accepting of the goodbye because he knows that spiritually they and their love will always be together. The contrasting events that take place are the tragic events after their loved ones being lost, which shows the difference in personalities from authors Poe and Donne and how they view loveRead MoreThe Imp in Us All2024 Words   |  9 PagesImp is taken to be a self destructive force present in all of us but with important difference in each person according to the power of will and morality. (Edwards 162) Those important differences both connect and individualize the works of Edgar Allan P oe and Nathaniel Hawthorne. The Imp of the Perverse, The Tell Tale Heart, and William Wilson all demonstrate Poes fascination and exploration with inner conflict and torturer. These short stories deal with the same issue but present it in differentRead MoreThe Romantic Era Of Samuel Taylor Coleridge And His Good Friend William Wordsworth2136 Words   |  9 Pagesfigure in the transition into the Romantic era. Kant was a German philosopher who focused on aesthetics and beauty as different within the individual reader. He compared art as an imaginative aesthetic of enjoyment rather than something that you would compare to the real world. Kant also used the term sublime in a sense of opposition of beauty as terrible and awe inspiring that not only moves the reader but it also scares them when the soul is disturbed. Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling was also a German

HRM Policies of Changi Airport Singapore-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Discuss four Environmental trends Identified by Stone (2005) for your Selected Company. 2.Evaluate and Elaborate on how the Maslow's Hierarchy of needs can help motivate Employees at your selected Company.. 3.According to Mathis and Jackson (2000) Incentives can be one of the best ways to motivate employees. Propose five types of Incentives Pay Plans which will help motivate your selected Company's Employees. 4.The Working Environment of Employees is not static and as such there is greater Emphasis on the Importance of Performance appraisal and Career Planning. Analyze any three ) Points each in this regard, for your selected company. 5.Using the Concept of Job Enlargement, Identify the four possible reasons for resistance from Employees at your selected Company if it is introduced. Answers: 1.When it comes to the planning of Human Resource (HR), the impact of the environmental factors, along with the structure, culture, objectives and the HR management have to be considered (Truss, Mankin and Kelliher, 2012). For Changi Airport Singapore (Changi), this has been true. Economic: The economy has a great impact over the strategies which are formed for the HR purposes. The boom or slack in the economy can influence the hiring of the company and even the budgeting or the costs associated with it (Schramm, 2014). For 2015-16, the employee compensation which was paid by Changi was 17% of the companys expenditure and stood at the value of S$221 million (Changi, 2016). The expenses increased due to the employee compensation, which depicted the increase in hiring, with the growth of economy. Social: The social factors also hold the influencing power with regards to HR planning (Norton, 2008). For instance, if a company complies with the applicable employment laws and regulations, it would gain the goodwill required to both hire and retain talent. For Changi, the Code of Conduct sets out the standards, policies and principles which have to be followed by the employees of the company. This helps in creating a strong whistle blowing framework, which is a major attraction for the employees of this day and age (Changi, 2016). Demographic: The demographic factors which have a power of influencing the availability of HR include the training requirements and the work arrangements (Salaman, Storey and Billsberry, 2005). Changi has been focused upon creating a strong employer brand, which was confirmed on April 07th 2016 where the company had been recognized by Randstad as being the Singapores Most Attractive Employer. This survey depicted that the good training and long term job security, along with the working atmosphere and financial health were deemed as the contributing factors. This helps the company in being on track for engaging both the present and the possible employees. Workshops are also conducted by the company so that the HR managers can be equipped with the required techniques for interviewing (Changi, 2016). Technology: The selection, recruitment and job design is influenced by the usage of advanced technology, along with the training requirements (Newell, Robertson and Scarbrough, 2009). The recruitment page of Changi is very interactive and uses the technology for its advantage. It depicts not only the internship and employment opportunities, but also the scholarships and the life at Changi. The interactive page depicts videos, pictograms, photos, stories and fun facts, amongst the other things, which denotes the proper use of technology (Changi, 2017). Using this technology, the company created a primary employer brand video, which was promoted across different online platforms, for instance, LinkedIn (Changi, 2016). 2.In 1943, Abraham Maslow proposed a psychology theory in Psychological Review, under the paper titled A Theory of Human Motivation (Kandula, 2006). In this theory, he stated that the hierarchy of needs contains a five tier model of human needs, which can be depicted through the pyramid as hierarchical levels. The five stages given under this model depict the deficiency and the growth needs (Rakowski, 2011). The physiological, safety, belongingness and love, and esteem needs are the deficiency needs. The most top denotes the growth needs, which is the stage of self-actualization. The four levels of deficiency needs are such which motivate the people to achieve more, till the time they are not met (Pichre, 2015). And till the time such needs are fulfilled, the needs become stronger. In order to progress towards the high level of growth needs, the lower levels have to be satisfied. This is because of the emphasis of Maslow over the needs of the humans to be arranged in a hierarchy (Mas low, 2013). (Source: McLeod, 2007) For the employees of Cheng, the Maslows Hierarchy of needs, helps in motivating the employees of the company. Physiological needs: The psychological needs are considered as the basis needs under this theory. This denotes that the employees of the company need to have such a pay scale which enables them to fulfill these basic needs to food, warmth, sleep, rest and water (McLeod, 2007). The award which the company got from Randstad has built a strong employer brand. The company works on improving the quality of hires, whereby the new talent solutions system was brought into place by the company recruiters for selecting the candidates for the higher level positions. Such programs help the employees in attaining a quality level, which helps in fulfilling the needs contained in this segment. The employees of the company are also encouraged to adopt a healthy lifestyle by designing mental and physical fitness well-being and healthy eating (Changi, 2016). Safety needs: Till the employee feels that they have job security and their safety is kept supreme, safety needs are not fulfilled (McLeod, 2007). The Randstad had one of the factors as the long-term job security. The company also takes safety and the security of the workers very seriously. The management and the board of the company are responsible for managing both the safety and the risks of the company. The company came up with an innovative aircraft earthing pit design, along with an aerobridge earthing device in order to improve the safety of the individuals who work in the aircraft parking aprons (Changi, 2016). Love and belongingness needs: This need depicts the requirement of acceptance, trust, intimacy, friendship and affiliation (McLeod, 2007). In order for the employees to interact with each other and to inculcate the feeling of belongingness, regular group activities are undertaken. Through a higher participation rate, success for these activities is attained. The company encourages its employees to share their personal stories with fellow colleagues, which helps in attaining this need (Changi, 2016). Esteem needs: The esteem needs denote the achievement, status, prestige, respect and independence for the employees (McLeod, 2007). The Randstad award was one of the factors which boost the status for the employees. The directors of the company have diverse expertise, which helps in fulfilling this need (Changi, 2016). Self-actualization: This is the stage where the potential is realized by the employees, and which results in the employees seeking personal growth for self-fulfillment and for peak experiences (McLeod, 2007). The company strives to nurture each of its employees and to provide opportunities to them for their personal growth. And this is done whilst the inclusive and collaborative workplace culture is maintained (Changi, 2016). 3.Mathis and Jackson (2002) proposed that in order to improve upon the performance management, performance of the employees and to motivate them, the most effective manner is incentives. There are a range of incentives pay plans which can be used by Changi so that its employees can be motivated and these have been summarized below. Sales Compensation: Through sales compensation plans, the employer is not only given the salary, but as an incentive, such an amount is given to him, which is linked to the sales of the company (Mathis and Jackson, 2008). So, in case the company has high sales, as a result of the efforts employed by him, the employee would be paid a higher incentive base. Such incentives are suitable for the employees of sales and marketing department, as their efforts ultimately bring the customers for Changi. Cash Bonus: These denote a lump sum amount being paid to the employee on periodical or occasional basis, so as to boost their performance. It can be either given to a particular department or division or to every employee of the company (Mathis and Jackson, 2008). The annual report of the company for the year 2012-13 denoted that of the $9,999,000 paid as key management personnel compensation, the bonus was included (Changi, 2013). Skill Based Pay: For the formal certification of the mastery of the employee with regards to their competency, skills and knowledge, the employee is rewarded with an addition pay and this is known as the skill based pay (Mathis and Jackson, 2008). Skill is something which is most valued in aviation industry and for Chang, such an incentive pay would also help in attaining and retaining talent. Piecework: This is such pay scale where the price is paid at a fixed piece rate for each of the units produced or for the actions performed (Mathis and Jackson, 2008). However, such an incentive based pay scale would not be suitable for Changi, as this method is suitable for manufacturing industries only. Profit Sharing Plans: The profits sharing plan is the most common form of incentive where the employee is paid a share in the companys profits (Mathis and Jackson, 2008). The contribution of employer in this plan is discretionary and so, the management of the company takes the decision to share or not share the profits with the employees and the amount which has to be shared. Changi made a net profit of S$784 million after taxation (Changi, 2016). This contribution had a high contribution of the employees and hence, profit sharing would probably be the best mode for the company to motivate its employees. 4.A crucial role is played by the working environment of the employees, which is constantly changing in this dynamic world. This increases the emphasis on the significance of career planning, as well as, on the performance appraisal. Importance of Performance Appraisal: Through performance appraisal, not only the performance of the employees can be improved but also the productivity can be. When an employee is appraised for their efforts and for the work done by them, they try to work harder and achieve more. Further, it encourages the other employees to work more, so as to get similar appraisals. Performance appraisal also helps in growth and development of the employees. Such appraisals lead to employee being promoted, which results in their growth. Plus, with higher levels, the skills of the employees develop. Lastly, through performance appraisal, the training needs can be identified (Deb, 2009). This is the reason by Changi has worked towards providing its employees with regular trainings. This helps the employees in polishing their skills and also getting accustomed to the latest trends in the industry. Importance of Career Planning: Career planning also has a lot of significance when it comes to employee motivation. The quality of life is increased for the employees through career planning. A properly planned career helps in chalking out a clear career path for the employees. Further, this gives the employees a direction and a goal to achieve. Career planning also helps in equal opportunity laws to be complied with. When the employees have equal opportunity in work place, not only is their career progressed, but the unnecessary penalties owing to breach of equal employment opportunity laws are steered clear. Lastly, through Career planning, the sense of obligation is raised on part of the employer towards its employees. This is because of the increased educational levels of the employee with regards to the equal employment opportunities. Further, it becomes the duty of the employer to give the employee the chance to progress in their career, when they work for the growth of the com pany in exceptional manner (Lussier, 2008). 5.Job enlargement denotes the increase or rise in the tasks at work, along with responsibilities, so as to make the position of the employee, more challenging. It is also stated as a horizontal experience, where the tasks are given to those who hold the current position in the company (Griffin, 2007). Job enlargement is often resisted by the employees of the company due to numerous reasons. Some of these have been summarized below. Often, the job enlargement is considered as an addition of boring tasks and more routines to the job of the employee. The aviation industry does seem very immersing from the outside, but there are a range of activities which prove to be boring work for the employees. This is because the same procedure is repeated over and over again. Gann (1961) described flying as hours of boredom, which was punctuated with certain moments full of complete fear (Airliners, 2017). The same work is repeated and even the added routines are monotonous. Through job enlargement, a range of tasks are given to the employee. If an employee works on a particular task, an expertise or a specialization is attained. Hence, due to job enlargement, the employees are not able to take advantage of job specialization. For instance, at present, the board of the company is full of individuals who have diverse expertise. In case they are given the responsibilities of three or four more fields, which are out of their expert area, this expertise would be passed away. Even though this may seem implausible at top tier, the same is very true for the lower level management. At times, it is noticed that the employees take interest in doing the same task over and over again, which ultimately leads to their specialization and also keeps them in their comfort zone. There are people who hate changes and job enlargement brings with it such changes which make the employees go out of their comfort zone, and thus, attract resistance from the employees. Hence, if a flight attendant is also given the work of the ground staff, the flight attendant would resist it due to the change roles and responsibilities of the two different work profiles. It is also noticed that the job enlargement is opposed by the union, as the same inhibits the new recruitments. In other words, by giving the current employees the roles for which new people could otherwise have been hired, the unions of the workers or the employees oppose the same, as the opportunities are ended with the concepts such as job enlargement. Taking inference from the example given in previous point, when the work of the flight attendant and that of the ground staff is given to the same employee, two posts would be occupied by one person, which also translates that opportunity for one new employee is ended. References Airliners. (2017) Airline Flying: Boring? [Online] Airliners. Available from: https://www.airliners.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=175145 [Accessed on: 22/06/17] Changi. (2013) Future Ready: Annual report 2012/13. [Online] Changi. Available from: https://www.changiairport.com/content/dam/cacorp/publications/Annual%20Reports/2013/Changi_Airport_Group_Annual_Report_20122013_Full_version.pdf [Accessed on: 22/06/17] Changi. 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